.
Vascular Plant List
for the
Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary
Alphabetical
List of Plants by Common Name
546 total species representing 118 plant families
.
INTRODUCTION
The Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary Vascular Plant List is based on over twenty
years of field identification for the plants found within the Sanctuary.
This new revision has attempted to standardize the common and scientific
names of plants based on the newly published Guide to the Vascular Plants
of Florida by Richard P. Wunderlin, University Press of Florida, Gainesville,
Florida, 1998. In fact, each plant on the Corkscrew list is referenced with
the corresponding page in Wunderlin's book. Not every expert will accept
the Guide to the Vascular Plants of Florida as the one authoritative
text, but for the first time this plant list conforms to one standard.
This update of the plant list also attempts to identify the current status
of plant species that are endemic to Florida, increasing, rare, listed as
threatened, endangered, species of special concern or commercially exploited.
Listings are based on the Guide to the Vascular Plants of Florida
and the Florida Game and Freshwater Fish Commission publication Florida's
Endangered Species, Threatened Species and Species of Special Concern, 29
April 1996. For historical purposes, plants known to be introduced to
Corkscrew after establishment as an Audubon Sanctuary in 1954 are also noted.
Plants that have been established as exotic (introduced from another country
or area by the help of man) are so indicated.
The original letter preceding the plant list by Roger Hammer has been
kept as Appendix I. The
National Audubon Society greatly appreciates the assistance of Roger Hammer,
Walter Judd, and the many staff and volunteers that have contributed to
this list. My gratitude to Correen Seacord for proof reading this list.
Andrew J. Mackie
January, 1999
.
PTERIDOPHYTES
- Key: N=native or
E=exotic / Wunderlin page # / status or comment
-
- Status/Comment initials: (GFC=Florida Game
and Fresh Water Fish Commission, FDA=Florida Department of Agriculture
and Consumer Services, FWS=United States Fish and Wildlife Service, E=Endangered,
T=Threatened, SSC=Species of Special Concern, C=Commercially Exploited)
PSILOTACEAE - WHISK FERN FAMILY
- Whisk Fern (Psilotum nudum) N / 33
OPHIOGLOSSACEAE - ADDER'S-TONGUE FAMILY
- Stalked Adder's-tongue (Ophioglossum petiolatum) N / 37
OSMUNDACEAE - ROYAL FERN FAMILY
- Cinnamon Fern (Osmunda cinnamomea) N / 38 / C-FDA
- Royal Fern (Osmunda regalis spectabilis) N / 38 / C-FDA
SCHIZAEACEAE - CURLY-GRASS FAMILY
- Small-leaf Climbing Fern (Lygodium microphyllum) E /
39 / increasing
PARKERIACEAE - WATER FERN FAMILY
- Water Horn Fern (Ceratopteris pteridoides) N / 39
VITTARIACEAE - SHOESTRING FERN FAMILY
- Shoestring Fern (Vittaria lineata) N / 41
PTERIDACEAE - BRAKE FERN FAMILY
- Giant Leather Fern (Acrostichum danaeifolium) N / 42 / C-FDA
- Giant Brake Fern (Pteris tripartita) E / 43
POLYPODIACEAE - POLYPODY FAMILY
- Tailed Strap Fern (Campyloneurum costatum) N / 45 / rare, E-FDA
- Long Strap Fern (Campyloneurum phyllitidis) N / 45 / E-FDA
- Comb Polypody (Pecluma ptilodon caespitosa) N / 46 / E-FDA
- Golden Polypody (Phlebodium aureum) N / 46
- Resurrection Fern (Pleopeltis polypodioides) N / 47
DENNSTAEDTIACEAE - CUPLET FERN FAMILY
- Lacy Bracken Fern (Pteridium aquilinum caudatum) N / 48
THELYPTERIDACEAE - MARSH FERN FAMILY
- Mariana Maiden Fern (Macrothelypteris torresiana) E /
48
- Downy Maiden Fern (Thelypteris dentata) E / 50
- Hottentot Fern (Thelypteris interrupta) N 50
- Widespread Maiden Fern (Thelypteris kunthii) N 51
- Ovate Maiden Fern (Thelypteris ovata) N 51
- Marsh Fern (Thelypteris palustris pubescens) N 51
- Toothed Lattice-vein Fern (Thelypteris serrata) N 51 E-FDA
ASPLENIACEAE - SPLEENWORT FAMILY
- Wild Birdnest Fern (Asplenium serratum) N / 53 / rare, E-FDA
DRYOPTERIDACEAE - WOOD FERN FAMILY
- Southern Wood Fern (Dryopteris ludoviciana) N / 56
NEPHROLEPIDACEAE - SWORD FERN FAMILY
- Giant Sword Fern (Nephrolepis biserrata) N / 58 / T-FDA
- Sword Fern (Wild Boston Fern) (Nephrolepis exaltata) N / 58
- HYBRID [Nephrolepis x averyi (N.biserrata x N. exaltata)] N
/ 58
BLECHNACEAE - MIDSORUS FERN FAMILY
- Toothed Midsorus Fern (Swamp Fern) (Blechnum serrulatum) N /
58
- Virginia Chain Fern (Woodwardia virginica) N / 59
SALVINIACEAE - FLOATING FERN FAMILY
- Water Spangles (Salvinia minima) N / 60
AZOLLACEAE - MOSQUITO FERN FAMILY
- Carolina Mosquito Fern (Azolla caroliniana) N / 60
.
GYMNOSPERMS
- Key: N=native or E=exotic / Wunderlin
page # / status or comment
-
- Status/Comment initials: (GFC=Florida Game
and Fresh Water Fish Commission, FDA=Florida Department of Agriculture
and Consumer Services, FWS=United States Fish and Wildlife Service, E=Endangered,
T=Threatened, SSC=Species of Special Concern, C=Commercially Exploited)
ZAMIACEAE - ZAMIA FAMILY
- Florida Arrowroot (Coontie) (Zamia pumila) N / 61 / C-FDA
PINACEAE - PINE FAMILY
- Slash Pine (Pinus elliottii) N / 62
CUPRESSACEAE - CEDAR FAMILY
- Pond Cypress (Taxodium ascendens) N / 63
- Bald Cypress (Taxodium distichum) N / 63
.
MONOCOTYLEDONS
- Key: N=native or E=exotic / Wunderlin
page # / status or comment
-
- Status/Comment initials: (GFC=Florida Game
and Fresh Water Fish Commission, FDA=Florida Department of Agriculture
and Consumer Services, FWS=United States Fish and Wildlife Service, E=Endangered,
T=Threatened, SSC=Species of Special Concern, C=Commercially Exploited)
TYPHACEAE - CATTAIL FAMILY
- Southern Cattail (Typha domingensis) N / 65
- Broadleaf Cattail (Typha latifolia) N / 65
NAJADACEAE - WATERNYMPH FAMILY
- Southern Waternymph (Najas guadalupensis) N / 67
ALISMATACEAE - WATER PLANTAIN FAMILY
- Chapman's Arrowhead (Sagittaria graminea chapmanii) N / 70
- Bulltongue Arrowhead (Sagittaria lancifolia) N / 70
- Broadleaf Arrowhead (Duck Potato) (Sagittaria latifolia) N /
70
HYDROCHARITACEAE - FROG'S-BIT FAMILY
- Waterthyme (Hydrilla verticillata) E / 72
- American Spongeplant (Frog's-bit) (Limnobium spongia) N / 72
- Tapegrass (American Eelgrass) (Vallisneria americana) N / 72
POACEAE - GRASS FAMILY
- Blue Maidencane (Amphicarpum muhlenbergianum) N / 82
- Purple Bluestem (Andropogon glomeratus glaucopsis) N / 84
- Bushy Bluestem (Andropogon glomeratus pumilus) N / 84
- Splitbeard Bluesteam (Andropogon ternarius) N / 84
- Broomsedge Bluesteam (Andropogon virginicus virginicus) N /
85
- Chalky Bluesteam (Andropogon virginicus glaucus) N / 85
- Woollysheath Threeawn (Aristida lanosa) N / 88
- Tall Threeawn (Aristida patula) N / 89
- Bottlebrush Threeawn (Aristida spiciformis) N / 89
- Tropical Carpetgrass (Axonopus compressus) N / 90
- Slender Sandbur (Cenchrus gracillimus) N / 93
- Wrinkled Jointtail Grass (Coelorachis rugosa) N / 96
- Durban Crowfootgrass (Dactyloctenium aegyptium) E /
97
- Variable Witchgrass (Dichanthelium commutatum) N / 101
- Cypress Witchgrass (Dichanthelium dichotomum) N / 101
- Roughhair Witchgrass (Dichanthelium strigosum glabrescens) N
/ 102
- Jungle Rice (Echinochloa colona) E / 106
- Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crusgalli) E / 106
- Florida Cockspur (Echinochloa paludigena) N /106 / enedmic to
FL
- Coast Cockspur (Echinochloa walteri) N / 106
- Indian Goosegrass (Eleusine indica) E / 106
- Pan-American Balsamscale (Elyonurus tripsacoides) N / 107
- Thalia Lovegrass (Eragrostis atrovirens) E / 110
- Gophertail Lovegrass (Eragrostis ciliaris) E / 110
- Elliott's Lovegrass (Eragrostis elliottii) N / 110
- Purple Lovegrass (Eragrostis spectabilis) N / 111
- Centipedegrass (Eremochloa ophiuroides) E / 111
- Michaux's Cupgrass (Eriochloa michauxii michauxii) N / 112
- Saltmarsh Fingergrass (Eustachys glauca) N / 113
- Fourspike Fingergrass (Eustachys neglecta) N / 113 / endemic
to FL
- Pinewoods Fingergrass (Eustachys petraea) N / 113
- Brazilian Satintail (Imperata brasiliensis) N / 115 / rare
- Southern Cutgrass (Leersia hexandra) N / 116
- Green Sprangletop (Leptochloa dubia) N / 116 / rare
- Bearded Sprangletop (Leptochloa fascicularis) N / 116
- Gulf Hairawn Muhly (Muhlenbergia capillaris filipes) N / 119
- Fall Panicgrass (Panicum dichotomiflorum dichotomiflorum) N
/ 121
- Fall Panicgrass (Panicum dichotomiflorum bartowense) N / 121
- Maidencane (Panicum hemitomon) N / 121
- Gaping Panicum (Panicum hians) N / 121
- Redtop Panicum (Panicum rigidulum) N / 121
- Bluejoint Panicum (Panicum tenerum) N / 121
- Egyptian Paspalidium (Paspalidium geminatum) N / 122
- Bull Crowngrass (Paspalum boscianum) N / 124
- Field Paspalum (Paspalum laeve) N / 124
- Gulfdune Paspalum (Paspalum monostachyum) N / 125
- Bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum) E / 125
- Water Paspalum (Paspalum repens) N / 125
- Thin Paspalum (Paspalum setaceum) N / 125
- Vaseygrass (Paspalum urvillei) E / 125
- Common Reed (Phragmites australis) N / 127
- Sugarcane Plumegrass (Saccharum giganteum) N / 130
- American Cupscale (Sacciolepis striata) N / 130
- Little Bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium scoparium) N / 131
- Yellow Bristlegrass (Knotroot Foxtail) (Setaria parviflora) N
/ 132
- Lopsided Indiangrass (Sorghastrum secundum) N / 133
- Sand Cordgrass (Spartina bakeri) N / 134
- Smutgrass (Sporobolus indicus) E / 136
- St. Augustine Grass (Stenotaphrum secundatum) N / 136
- Eastern Gamagrass (Fakahatcheegrass) (Tripsacum dactyloides) N
/ 138
- Southern Wild Rice (Giant Cutgrass) (Zizaniopsis miliacea) N
/ 141
CYPERACEAE - SEDGE FAMILY
- Flatspike Sedge Abildgaardia ovata N /143 / rare
- Broadwing Sedge Carex alata N / 150
- Longhair Sedge Carex comosa N / 150
- Warty Sedge Carex verrucosa N / 153
- Jamaica Swamp Sawgrass Cladium jamaicense N / 154
- Haspan Flatsedge Cyperus haspan N / 158
- Leconte's Flatsedge Cyperus lecontei N / 159
- Pond Flatsedge Cyperus ochraceus E / 159
- Fragrant Flatsedge Cyperus odoratus N / 159
- Manyspike Flatsedge Cyperus polystachyos N / 159
- Low Flatsedge Cyperus pumilus E / 159
- Baldwin's Spikerush Eleocharis baldwinii N / 163
- Gulf Coast Spikerush Eleocharis cellulosa N / 163
- Yellow Spikerush (Pale Spikerush) Eleocharis flavescens N /
163
- Canada Spikerush Eleocharis geniculata N / 163
- Knotted Spikerush Eleocharis interstincta N / 163
- Saltmarsh Umbrellasedge Fuirena breviseta N / 166
- Southern Umbrellasedge Fuirena scirpoidea N / 166
- Starrush Whitetop Rhynchospora colorata N / 172
- Shortbristle Horned Beaksedge Rhynchospora corniculataN / 172
- Horned Beaksedge Rhynchospora inundata Narrowfruit N / 173
- Giant Whitetop (Sandswamp Whitetop) Rhynchospora latifolia N
/ 174
- Southern Beaksedge Rhynchospora microcarpa N / 174
- Millet Beaksedge Rhynchospora miliacea N / 174
- Shortbeak Beaksedge (Baldrush) Rhynchospora nitens N / 174
- Cuban Bulrush Scirpus cubensis E / 176
- Softstem Bulrush Scirpus tabernaemontani N / 177
- Netted Nutrush Scleria reticularis N / 178
ARECACEAE - PALM FAMILY
- Florida Royal Palm (Roystonea regia) N / 181 / E-FDA
- Dwarf Palmetto (Bluestem Palm) (Sabal minor) N / 182
- Cabbage Palm (Sabal palmetto) N / 182
- Saw Palmetto (Serenoa repens) N / 182
ARACEAE - ARUM FAMILY
- Goldenclub (Orontium aquaticum) N / 185
- Green Arrow Arum (Peltandra virginica) N / 185
- Water Lettuce (Pistia stratiotes) E / 185
LEMNACEAE - DUCKWEED FAMILY
- Little Duckweed (Lemna obscura) N / 186
- Valdivia Duckweed (Lemna valdiviana) N / 186
- Common Duckweed (Spirodela polyrhiza) N / 186
- Dotted Duckweed (Spirodela punctata) N / 186
XYRIDACEAE - YELLOWEYED GRASS FAMILY
- Shortleaf Yelloweyed Grass (Xyris brevifolia) N / 189
- Carolina Yelloweyed Grass (Xyris caroliniana) N / 189
- Florida Yelloweyed Grass (Xyris difformis floridana) N / 190
- Elliott's Yelloweyed Grass(Xyris elliottii) N / 190
- Tall Yelloweyed Grass (Xyris platylepis) N / 190
- Small's Yelloweyed Grass (Xyris smalliana) N / 190
ERIOCAULACEAE - PIPEWORT FAMILY
- Flattened Pipewort (Eriocaulon compressum) N / 191
- Tenangle Pipewort (Eriocaulon decangulare) N / 191
- Whitehead Bogbutton (Lachnocaulon anceps) N / 192
- Yellow Hatpins (Syngonanthus flavidulus) N / 192
BROMELIACEAE - PINEAPPLE FAMILY
- Powdery Strap Airplant (Catopsis berteroniana) N / 193 / rare,
E-FDA
- Florida Strap Airplant (Catopsis floribunda) N / 193 / rare,
E-FDA
- Northern Needleleaf (Tillandsia balbisiana) N / 194 / T-FDA
- Cardinal Airplant (Tillandsia fasciculata densispica) N / 195
/ E-FDA
- Potbelly Airplant (Tillandsia paucifolia) N / 195
- Hoary Airplant (Tillandsia pruinosa) N / 195 / rare, E-FDA
- Ballmoss (Tillandsia recurvata) N / 195
- Southern Needleleaf (Tillandsia setacea) N / 195
- Spanish Moss (Tillandsia usneoides) N / 195
- Giant Airplant (Tillandsia utriculata) N / 195 E-FDA
- Leatherleaf Airplant (Tillandsia variabilis) N / 195 T-FDA
COMMELINACEAE - SPIDERWORT FAMILY
- Dayflower (Commelina diffusa) N / 197
- Whitemouth Dayflower (Commelina erecta) N / 197
PONTEDERIACEAE - PICKERELWEED FAMILY
- Common Water-hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) E / 200
- Pickerelweed (Pontederia cordata) N / 200
JUNCACEAE - RUSH FAMILY
- Shore Rush (Grassleaf Rush) (Juncus marginatus) N / 203
- Bighead Rush (Juncus megacephalus) N / 203
- Manyhead Rush (Juncus polycephalos) N / 203
LILIACEAE - LILY FAMILY
- Yellow Colicroot (Aletris lutea) N / 206
- Catesby's Lily (Pine Lily) (Lilium catesbaei) N / 207 T-FDA
- White Sunnybell (Schoenolirion albiflorum) N / 209
- Crowpoison (Osceola's Plume) (Zigadenus densus) N / 210
SMILACACEAE - SMILAX FAMILY
- Earleaf Greenbrier (Smilax auriculata) N / 211
- Greenbrier (Bamboo Vine) (Smilax laurifolia) Laurel N / 212
- Bristly Greenbrier (Hogbrier) (Smilax tamnoides) N / 212
HAEMODORACEAE - BLOODWORT FAMILY
- Carolina Redroot (Lachnanthes caroliana) N / 214
AMARYLLIDACEAE - AMARYLLIS FAMILY
- Seven Sisters (String Lily, Swamp Lily) (Crinum americanum) N
/ 216
- Alligatorlily (Hymenocallis palmeri) N / 218 / endemic to FL
- Atamasco Lily (Rainlily) (Zephyranthes atamasco) N / 220 / T-FDA
HYPOXIDACEAE - YELLOW STARGRASS FAMILY
- Fringed Yellow Stargrass (Hypoxis juncea) N / 220
IRIDACEAE - IRIS FAMILY
- Dixie Iris (Prairie Iris) (Iris hexagona) N / 224
- Narrowleaf Blueeyed Grass (Sisyrinchium angustifolium) N / 224
CANNACEAE - CANNA FAMILY
- Bandana-of-the-Everglades (Canna flaccida) N / 226
- Indian Shot (Canna indica) E / 226
MARANTACEAE - ARROWROOT FAMILY
- Alligatorflag (Fireflag) (Thalia geniculata) N / 226
ORCHIDACEAE - ORCHID FAMILY
- Pinepink (Bletia purpurea) N / 232 / T-FDA
- Manyflowered Grasspink (Calopogon multiflorus) N / 233 / E-FDA
- Pale Grasspink (Calopogon pallidus) N / 233
- Tuberous Grasspink (Calopogon tuberosus) N / 233
- Cowhorn Orchid (Cigar Orchid) (Cyrtopodium punctatum) N / 234
/ rare, E-FDA
- Clamshell Orchid (Cockleshell Orchid) (Encyclia cochleata) N
/ 235 / rare, E-FDA
- Florida Butterfly Orchid (Encyclia tampensis) N / 235 / C-FDA
- Dingy-flowered Star Orchid (Epidendrum anceps) N / 236 / E-FDA
- Umbrella Star Orchid (Epidendrum floridense) N / 236 / rare,
E-FDA
- Night-scented Orchid (Epidendrum nocturnum) N / 236 / E-FDA
- Stiff-flower Star Orchid (Epidendrum rigidum) N / 236 / E-FDA
- Jug Orchid (Erythrodes querceticola) N / 236
- Wild Coco (Eulophia alta) N / 236 / T-FDA
- Toothpetal False Reinorchid (Habenaria floribunda) N / 237
- Snowy Orchid (Habenaria nivea) N / 237 / T-FDA
- Longhorn False Reinorchid (Habenaria quinqueseta) N / 237
- Waterspider False Reinorchid (Habenaria repens) N / 237
- Needleroot Airplant Orchid (Harrisella filiformis) N / 238 /
T-FDA
- Delicate Violet Orchid (Ionopsis utricularioides) N / 238 /
rare, E-FDA
- Florida Addersmouth Orchid (Malaxis spicata) N / 239
- Green Addersmouth Orchid(Malaxis unifolia) N / 239 / rare, E-FDA
- Ghost Orchid (Polyradicion lindenii) N / 241 / rare, E-FDA
- Greater Yellowspike Orchid (Polystachya concreta) N / 241 /
E-FDA
- Hairy Shadow Witch (Ponthieva racemosa) N / 242
- Leafless Beaked Ladiestresses (Sacoila lanceolata lanceolata) N
/ 242 / T-FDA
- Leafless Beaked Ladiestresses (Sacoila lanceolata paludicola) N
/ 242 / rare, T-FDA
- Florida Ladiestresses (Spiranthes floridana) N / 244 E-FDA
- Northern Slender Ladiestresses (Spiranthes lacera gracilis) N
/ 244
- Lacelip Ladiestresses (Spiranthes laciniata) N / 244 / T-FDA
- Longlip Ladiestresses (Spiranthes longilabris) N / 245 / T-FDA
- Fragrant Ladiestresses (Spiranthes odorata) N / 245
- Greenvein Ladiestresses (Spiranthes praecox) N / 245
- Spring Ladiestresses (Spiranthes vernalis) N / 245
- Threebirds (Triphora trianthophoros) N / 246 / T-FDA
- Soldier's Orchid (Lawn Orchid) (Zeuxine strateumatica) E
/ 247
.
DICOTYLEDONS
- Key: N=native or E=exotic / Wunderlin
page # / status or comment
-
- Status/Comment initials: (GFC=Florida Game
and Fresh Water Fish Commission, FDA=Florida Department of Agriculture
and Consumer Services, FWS=United States Fish and Wildlife Service, E=Endangered,
T=Threatened, SSC=Species of Special Concern, C=Commercially Exploited)
SAURURACEAE - LIZARD'S TAIL FAMILY
- (Saururus cernuus) Lizard's Tail N / 249
PIPERACEAE - PEPPER FAMILY
- (Peperomia obtusifolia) Florida Peperomia N / 251 / rare,
E-FDA
SALICACEAE - WILLOW FAMILY
- Carolina Willow (Coastalplain Willow) (Salix caroliniana) N
/ 252
MYRICACEAE - BAYBERRY FAMILY
- Southern Bayberry (Wax Myrtle) (Myrica cerifera) N / 253
FAGACEAE - BEECH FAMILY
- Laurel Oak (Diamond Oak) (Quercus laurifolia) N / 259
- Dwarf Live Oak (Quercus minima) N / 259
- Water Oak (Quercus nigra) N / 259
- Running Oak (Quercus pumila) N / 259
- Virginia Live Oak (Quercus virginiana) N / 260
ULMACEAE - ELM FAMILY
- Sugarberry (Hackberry) (Celtis laevigata) N / 261
MORACEAE - MULBERRY FAMILY
- Strangler Fig (Golden Fig) (Ficus aurea) N / 263
- Red Mulberry (Morus rubra) N / 264
URTICACEAE - NETTLE FAMILY
- False Nettle (Bog Hemp) (Boehmeria cylindrica) N / 265
- Clustered Pellitory (Parietaria praetermissa) N / 266
VISCACEAE - MISTLETOE FAMILY
- Oak Mistletoe (Phoradendron leucarpum) N / 267
OLACACEAE - OLAX FAMILY
- Graytwig (Schoepfia chrysophylloides) N / 268
- Tallow Wood (Hog Plum) (Ximenia americana) N / 268
POLYGONACEAE - BUCKWHEAT FAMILY
- Tietongue (Pigeon Plum) (Coccoloba diversifolia) N / 270
- Seagrape (Coccoloba uvifera) N / 270
- Swamp Dock (Rumex verticillatus) N / 276
AMARANTHACEAE - AMARANTH FAMILY
- Southern Amaranth (Amaranthus australis) N / 282
PHYTOLACCACEAE - POKEWEED FAMILY
- American Pokeweed (Phytolacca americana) N / 286
- Rougeplant (Rivina humilis) N / 286
NYMPHAEACEAE - WATERLILY FAMILY
- Spatterdock (Yellow Pondlily) (Nuphar lutea advena) N / 296
- Tropical Royalblue Waterlily (Nymphaea elegans) N / 296
- Yellow Waterlily (Nymphaea mexicana) N / 297
- American White Waterlily (Nymphaea odorata) N / 297
MAGNOLIACEAE - MAGNOLIA FAMILY
- Southern Magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora) N / 304
- Sweetbay (Magnolia virginiana) N / 304
ANNONACEAE - CUSTARD-APPLE FAMILY
- Pond Apple (Annona glabra) N / 305
- Netted Pawpaw (Asimina reticulata) N / 306 / endemic to FL
LAURACEAE - LAUREL FAMILY
- Love Vine (Devil's Gut) (Cassytha filiformis) N / 307
- Lancewood (Ocotea coriacea) N / 308
- Red Bay (Persea borbonia) N / 308
- Swamp Bay (Persea palustris) N / 309
BRASSICACEAE - MUSTARD FAMILY
- Pennsylvania Bittercress (Cardamine pensylvanica) N / 314
- Virginia Pepperweed (Lepidium virginicum) N / 315
DROSERACEAE - SUNDEW FAMILY
- Dwarf Sundew (Drosera brevifolia) N / 321
- Pink Sundew (Drosera capillaris) N / 321
SAXIFRAGACEAE - SAXIFRAGE FAMILY
- Little People (Petiteplant) (Lepuropetalon spathulatum) N /
323 / rare, E-FDA
ESCALLONIACEAE - ESCALLONIA FAMILY
- Virginia Willow (Virginia Sweetspire) (Itea virginica) N / 324
ROSACEAE - ROSE FAMILY
- Sawtooth Blackberry (Rubus argutus) N / 333
- Southern Dewberry (Rubus trivialis) N / 333
CHRYSOBALANACEAE - COCO PLUM FAMILY
- Coco Plum (Chrysobalanus icaco) N / 333
FABACEAE - PEA FAMILY
- Groundnut (Apios americana) N / 343
- Spurred Butterfly Pea (Centrosema virginianum) N / 348
- Partridge Pea (Chamaecrista fasciculata) N / 348
- Rabbitbells (Crotalaria rotundifolia) N / 351
- Coinvine (Dalbergia ecastaphyllum) N / 351
- Coralbean (Cherokee Bean) (Erythrina herbacea) N / 358
- Elliott's Milkpea (Galactia elliottii) N / 358
- Hairy Indigo (Indigofera hirsuta) E / 360
- Trailing Indigo (Indigofera spicata) E / 360
- False Tamarind (Lysiloma latisiliquum) N / 364
- Pineland Leatherroot (Orbexilum virgatum) N / 367 / rare
- Florida Fishpoison Tree (Jamaican Dogwood) (Piscidia piscipula)
N / 368
- Danglepod (Sesbania herbacea) N / 373
- Sprawling Hoarypea (Tephrosia hispidula) N / 375
- Fourleaf Vetch (Vicia acutifolia) N / 378
- Hairypod Cowpea (Vigna luteola)N / 379
LINACEAE - FLAX FAMILY
- Small's Flax (Linum carteri smallii) N / 382 / endemic
to FL
- Florida Yellow Flax (Linum floridanum) N / 382
- Stiff Yellow Flax (Linum medium texanum) N / 382
RUTACEAE - CITRUS FAMILY
- Key Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) E / 384
- Sour Orange (Citrus aurantium) E / 384
- Lemon (Citrus limon) E / 385
- Grapefruit (Citurs x paradisi) E / 385
- Wild Lime (Lime Pricklyash) (Zanthoxylum fagara) N / 386
BURSERACEAE - GUMBO-LIMBO FAMILY
- Gumbo-limbo (Bursera simaruba) N / 387
MELIACEAE - MAHOGANY FAMILY
- West Indian Mahogany (Swietenia mahagoni) N / 387 / rare
POLYGALACEAE - MILKWORT FAMILY
- Baldwin's Milkwort (Polygala balduinii) N / 390
- Boykin's Milkwort (Polygala boykinii) N / 390
- Drumheads (Polygala cruciata) N / 390
- Showy Milkwort (Polygala grandiflora) N / 390
- Procession Flower (Polygala incarnata) N / 390
- Orange Milkwort (Polygala lutea) N / 391
- Candyroot (Polygala nana) N / 391
- Low Pinebarren Milkwort (Polygala ramosa) N / 391
- Yellow Milkwort (Polygala rugelii) N / 391 / endemic to FL
- Coastal plain Milkwort (Polygala setacea) N / 391
EUPHORBIACEAE - SPURGE FAMILY
- Chestnutleaf Falsecroton (Caperonia castaneifolia) N / 395
- Pillpod Sandmat (Chamaesyce hirta) N / 398
- Hyssopleaf Sandmat (Chamaesyce hyssopifolia) N / 398
- Spotted Sandmat (Chamaesyce maculata) N / 398
- Florida Hammock Sandmat (Chamaesyce ophthalmica) N / 398
- Water Toothleaf (Corkwood) (Stillingia aquatica) N / 408
- Queensdelight (Stillingia sylvatica) N / 408
ANACARDIACEAE - CASHEW FAMILY
- Winged Sumac (Rhus copallinum) N / 410
- Brazilian Pepper (Schinus terebinthifolius) E / 410
- Eastern Poison Ivy (Toxicodendron radicans) N / 411
AQUIFOLIACEAE - HOLLY FAMILY
- Dahoon Holly (Ilex cassine cassine) N / 413
- Inkberry (Gallberry) (Ilex glabra)N / 413
ACERACEAE - MAPLE FAMILY
- Red Maple (Acer rubrum) N / 415
SAPINDACEAE - SOAPBERRY FAMILY
- (Cardiospermum microcarpum) N / 417
RHAMNACEAE - BUCKTHORN FAMILY
- Alabama Supplejack (Rattan Vine) (Berchemia scandens) N / 419
- Smallflower Mock Buckthorn (Sageretia minutiflora) N / 420
VITACEAE - GRAPE FAMILY
- Peppervine (Ampelopsis arborea) N / 421
- Virginia Creeper (Woodbine) (Parthenocissus quinquefolia) N
/ 422
- Summer Grape (Vitis aestivalis) N / 422
- Muscadine (Vitis rotundifolia) N / 423
MALVACEAE - MALLOW FAMILY
- Scarlet Rosemallow (Hibiscus coccineus) N / 428
- Swamp Rosemallow (Hibiscus grandiflorus) N / 428
- Poeppig's Rosemallow (Hibiscus poeppigii) N / 428 / rare
- Virginia Saltmarsh Mallow (Kosteletzkya virginica) N / 429
- Common Wireweed (Common Fanpetals) (Sida acuta) N / 432
- Cuban Jute (Indian Hemp) (Sida rhombifolia) N / 432
- Caesarweed (Urena lobata) N / 432
STERCULIACEAE - CACAO FAMILY
- Bretonica peluda (Melochia spicata) N / 433
CLUSIACEAE - MANGOSTEEN FAMILY
- Roundpod St. John's-wort (Hypericum cistifolium) N / 437
- Sandweed (Peelbark St. John's-wort) (Hypericum fasciculatum) N
/ 437
- St. Andrew's-cross (Hypericum hypericoides) N / 438
- Dwarf St. John's-wort (Hypericum mutilum) N / 438
- Myrtleleaf St. John's-wort (Hypericum myrtifolium) N / 438
- Atlantic St. John's-wort (Hypericum reductum) N / 438
- Fourpetal St. John's-wort (Hypericum tetrapetalum) N / 438
VIOLACEAE - VIOLET FAMILY
- Bog White Violet (Viola lanceolata) N / 442
- Early Blue Violet (Viola palmata) N / 442
- Primroseleaf Violet (Viola primulifolia) N / 442
- Common Blue Violet (Viola sororia) N / 442
TURNERACEAE - TURNERA FAMILY
- Pitted Stripeseed (Piriqueta caroliniana) N / 443
PASSIFLORACEAE - PASSIONFLOWER FAMILY
- Pineland Passionflower (Passiflora pallens) N / 444 / rare
LYTHRACEAE - LOOSESTRIFE FAMILY
- Winged Loosestrife (Lythrum alatum lanceolatum) N / 451
- Lowland Rotala (Toothcup) (Rotala ramosior) N / 451
MYRTACEAE - MYRTLE FAMILY
- White Stopper (Eugenia axillaris) N / 453
- Punktree (Melaleuca quinquenervia) E / 454
- Twinberry (Myrcianthes fragrans) N / 454 / T-FDA
- Guava (Psidium guajava) E / 454
- Rose Myrtle (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa) E / 454
- Java Plum (Syzygium cumini) E / 455
NYSSACEAE - SOURGUM FAMILY
- Blackgum (Nyssa sylvatica) N / 455
MELASTOMATACEAE - MELASTOME FAMILY
- Pale Meadowbeauty (Rhexia mariana) N / 457
- Maid Marian (Rhexia nashii) N / 457
- Nuttall's Meadowbeauty (Rhexia nuttallii) N / 457
ONAGRACEAE - EVENINGPRIMROSE FAMILY
- Southern Beeblossom (Gaura angustifolia) N / 457
- Curtiss' Primrosewillow (Ludwigia curtissii) N / 460
- Wingleaf Primrosewillow (Ludwigia decurrens) N / 460
- Anglestem Primrosewillow (Ludwigia leptocarpa) N / 460
- Southeastern Primrosewillow (Ludwigia linifolia) N / 460
- Seaside Primrosewillow (Ludwigia maritima) N / 460
- Mexican Primrosewillow (Ludwigia octovalvis) N / 461
- Peruvian Primrosewillow (Ludwigia peruviana) E / 461
- Creeping Primrosewillow (Ludwigia repens) N / 461
- Globefruit Primrosewillow (Ludwigia sphaerocarpa) N / 461
- Shrubby Primrosewillow Ludwigia suffruticosa) N / 461
- Common Eveningprimrose (Oenothera biennis) N / 462
- Cutleaf Eveningprimrose (Oenothera laciniata) N / 462
HALORAGACEAE - WATERMILFOIL FAMILY
- Parrot Feather Watermilfoil (Myriophyllum aquaticum) E
/ 463
- Cutleaf Watermilfoil (Myriophyllum pinnatum) N / 463
- Marsh Mermaidweed (Proserpinaca palustris) N / 463
- Combleaf Mermaidweed (Proserpinaca pectinata) N / 463
APIACEAE - CARROT FAMILY
- Spadeleaf (Centella asiatica) N / 467
- Spotted Water Hemlock (Cicuta maculata) N / 467
- Rattlesnakemaster (Eryngium aquaticum) N / 469
- Fragrant Eryngo (Eryngium aromaticum) N / 469
- Button Rattlesnakemaster (Button Eryngo) (Eryngium yuccifolium)
N / 469
- Manyflower Marshpennywort (Hydrocotyle umbellata) N / 470
- Whorled Marshpennywort (Hydrocotyle verticillata) N / 470
- Water Cowbane (Oxypolis filiformis) N / 471
- Mock Bishopsweed (Herbwilliam) (Ptilimnium capillaceum) N /
471
CORNACEAE - DOGWOOD FAMILY
- Swamp Dogwood (Stiff Dogwood) (Cornus foemina) N / 474
ERICACEAE - HEATH FAMILY
- Tarflower (Bejaria racemosa) N / 475
- Dwarf Huckleberry (Gaylussacia dumosa) N / 476
- Rusty Staggerbush (Lyonia ferruginea) N / 477
- Coastalplain Staggerbush (Lyonia fruticosa) N / 477
- Fetterbush (Lyonia lucida) N / 477
- Shiny Blueberry (Vaccinium myrsinites) N / 479
MYRSINACEAE - MYRSINE FAMILY
- Marlberry (Ardisia escallonioides) N / 480
- Myrsine (Colicwood) (Rapanea punctata) N / 480
PRIMULACEAE - PRIMROSE FAMILY
- Water Pimpernel (Limewater Brookweed) (Samolus ebracteatus) N
/ 481
SAPOTACEAE - SAPODILLA FAMILY
- Satinleaf (Chrysophyllum oliviforme) N / 483 E-FDA
- False Mastic (Sideroxylon foetidissimum) N / 484
- Florida Bully (Sideroxylon reclinatum) N / 484
- Willow Bustic (White Bully) (Sideroxylon salicifolium) N / 484
/ rare
OLEACEAE - OLIVE FAMILY
- Florida Swampprivet (Forestiera segregata) N / 487
- Carolina Ash (Water Ash, Pop Ash) (Fraxinus caroliniana) N /
487
BUDDLEJACEAE - BUTTERFLYBUSH FAMILY
- Rustweed (Juniperleaf) (Polypremum procumbens) N / 490
LOGANIACEAE - LOGANIA FAMILY
- Lax Hornpod (Mitreola petiolata) N / 490
- Swamp Hornpod (Mitreola sessilifolia) N / 491
GENTIANACEAE - GENTIAN FAMILY
- White Screwstem (Bartonia verna) N / 492
- Marshgentian (Catchfly Prairiegentian) (Eustoma exaltatum) N
/ 492
- Bartram's Rosegentian (Sabatia bartramii) N / 494
- Shortleaf Rosegentian (Sabatia brevifolia) N / 494
- Coastal Rosegentian (Sabatia calycina) N / 494
- Largeflower Rosegentian (Sabatia grandiflora) N / 494
- Rose-of-Plymouth (Sabatia stellaris) N / 494
MENYANTHACEAE - BOGBEAN FAMILY
- Big Floatingheart (Nymphoides aquatica) N / 495
ASCLEPIADACEAE - MILKWEED FAMILY
- Swamp Milkweed (Asclepias incarnata) N / 501
- Fewflower Milkweed (Asclepias lanceolata) N / 501
- Longleaf Milkweed (Asclepias longifolia) N / 501
- Savannah Milkweed (Asclepias pedicellata) N / 501
- Leafless Swallowwort (Cynanchum scoparium) N / 503
- White Twinevine (Sarcostemma clausum) N / 504
CONVOLVULACEAE - MORNINGGLORY FAMILY
- Peruvian Dodder (Cuscuta obtusiflora) N / 507
- Silver Dwarf Moringglory (Evolvulus sericeus) N / 507
- Moonflowers (Tropical White Morningglory) (Ipomoea alba) N /
509
- Oceanblue Morningglory (Ipomoea indica acuminata) N / 510
- Saltmarsh Morningglory (Ipomoea sagittata) N / 510
HYDROPHYLLACEAE - WATERLEAF FAMILY
- Skyflower (Hydrolea corymbosa) N / 514
BORAGINACEAE - BORAGE FAMILY
- Scorpionstail (Heliotropium angiospermum) N / 517
- Pineland Heliotrope (Heliotropium polyphyllum) N / 518
VERBENACEAE - VERVAIN FAMILY
- American Beautyberry (Callicarpa americana) N / 520
- Florida Fiddlewood (Citharexylum spinosum) N / 520
- Golden Dewdrops (Duranta erecta) E / 521
- Lantana (Shrubverbena) (Lantana camara) E / 522
- Tangle Fogfruit (Capeweed) (Phyla nodiflora) Turkey N / 524
- Blue Porterweed (Joee) (Stachytarpheta jamaicensis) N / 524
- Sandpaper Vervain (Harsh Vervain) (Verbena scabra) N / 525
LAMIACEAE - MINT FAMILY
- Clustered Bushmint (Musky Mint) (Hyptis alata) N / 531
- Tropical Bushmint (Hyptis mutabilis) E / 531
- Taperleaf Waterhorehound (Lycopus rubellus) N / 532
- Browne's Savory (Micromeria brownei pilosiuscula) N / 533
- Spotted Beebalm (Monarda punctata) N / 533
- Eastern False Dragonhead (Physostegia purpurea) N / 534
- Wild Pennyroyal (Piloblephis rigida) N / 534
- Tropical Sage (Blood Sage) (Salvia coccinea) N / 536
SOLANACEAE - NIGHTSHADE FAMILY
- Bird Pepper (Cayenne Pepper) (Capsicum annuum glabriusculum) N
/ 540
- Walter's Groundcherry (Physalis walteri) N / 543
- American Black Nightshade (Solanum americanum) N / 545
SCROPHULARIACEAE - FIGWORT FAMILY
- Beach False Foxglove (Agalinis fasciculata) N / 550
- Flaxleaf False Foxglove (Agalinis linifolia) N / 550
- Purple False Foxglove (Agalinis purpurea) N / 550
- Lemon Bacopa (Blue Waterhyssop) (Bacopa caroliniana) N / 551
- Tropical Waterhyssop (Bacopa innominata) N / 551
- Herb-of-grace (Bacopa monnieri) N / 552
- American Bluehearts (Buchnera americana) N / 552
- Branched Hedgehyssop (Gratiola ramosa) N / 553
- Canada Toadflax (Linaria canadensis) N / 554
- Savannah False Pimpernel (Lindernia grandiflora) N / 555
- Axilflower (Mecardonia acuminata) N / 555
- Manatee Mudflower (Micranthemum glomeratum) N / 556 / endemic
to FL
- Sweetbroom (Licoriceweed) (Scoparia dulcis) N / 557
BIGNONIACEAE - TRUMPET CREEPER FAMILY
- Trumpet Creeper (Campsis radicans) N / 560
LENTIBULARIACEAE - BLADDERWORT FAMILY
- Blueflower Butterwort (Pinguicula caerulea) N / 564 / T-FDA
- Yellow Butterwort (Pinguicula lutea) N / 564 / T-FDA
- Small Butterwort (Pinguicula pumila) N / 564
- Horned Bladderwort (Utricularia cornuta) N / 565
- Leafy Bladderwort (Utricularia foliosa) N / 565
- Humped Bladderwort (Utricularia gibba) N / 565
- Southern Bladderwort (Utricularia juncea) N / 566
- Eastern Purple Bladderwort (Utricularia purpurea) N / 566
- Little Floating Bladderwort (Utricularia radiata) N / 566
- Lavender Bladderwort (Utricularia resupinata) N / 566
- Fringed Bladderwort (Utricularia simulans) N / 566
- Zigzag Bladderwort (Utricularia subulata) N / 566
ACANTHACEAE - ACANTHUS FAMILY
- Browne's Blechum (Blechum pyramidatum) E / 568
- Sixangle Foldwing (Dicliptera sexangularis) N / 568
- Pineland Twinflower (Pineland Snakeherb) (Dyschoriste angusta) N
/ 568
- Oblongleaf Twinflower (Dyschoriste oblongifolia) N / 568
- Pineland Waterwillow (Justicia angusta) N / 570 / endemic to
FL
- Looseflower Waterwillow (Justicia ovata lanceolata) N / 571
- Carolina Wild Petunia (Ruellia caroliniensis) N / 572
RUBIACEAE - MADDER FAMILY
- Common Buttonbush (Cephalanthus occidentalis) N / 576
- Virginia Buttonweed (Diodia virginiana) N / 576
- Bluntleaf Bedstraw (Galium obtusum filifolium) N / 577 / rare
- Stiff Marsh Bedstraw (Galium tinctorium) N / 578
- Innocence (Roundleaf Bluet) (Hedyotis procumbens) N / 580
- Clustered Mille Graine (Hedyotis uniflora) N / 580
- Partridgeberry (Twinberry) (Mitchella repens) N / 580
- Wild Coffee (Psychotria nervosa) N / 582
- Shortleaf Wild Coffee (Psychotria sulzneri) N / 582
- White Indigoberry (Randia aculeata) N / 582
- Woodland False Buttonweed (Spermacoce assurgens) N / 583
CAPRIFOLIACEAE - HONEYSUCKLE FAMILY
- American Elder (Elderberry) (Sambucus canadensis) N / 584
- Walter's Viburnum (Small-leaf Viburnum) (Viburnum obovatum) N
/ 585
CUCURBITACEAE - GOURD FAMILY
- Creeping Cucumber (Melothria pendula) N / 588
- Balsampear (Momordica charantia) E / 588
CAMPANULACEAE - BELLFLOWER FAMILY
- Florida Bellflower (Campanula floridana) N / 589 / endemic to
FL
- Bay Lobelia (Lobelia feayana) N / 590 / endemic to FL
- Glade Lobelia (Lobelia glandulosa) N / 591
- White Lobelia (Lobelia paludosa) N / 591
ASTERACEAE - ASTER FAMILY
- Oppositeleaf Spotflower (Acmella oppositifolia repens) N / 603
- Common Ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) N / 604
- Scaleleaf Aster (Aster adnatus) N / 609
- Climbing Aster (Aster carolinianus) N / 609
- Rice Button Aster (Aster dumosus) N / 609
- Elliott's Aster (Aster elliottii) N / 609
- Annual Saltmarsh Aster (Aster subulatus) N / 610
- Silverling (Baccharis glomeruliflora) N / 611
- Groundsel Tree (Sea Myrtle) (Baccharis halimifolia) N / 611
- Beggarticks (Romerillo) (Bidens alba radiata) N / 612
- Burrmarigold (Smooth Beggarticks) (Bidens laevi) N / 612
- Pineland Rayless Goldenrod (Bigelowia nudata australis) N /
613 / endemic to FL
- Smallhead Doll's-daisy (Boltonia diffusa) N / 613
- Bushy Seaside Oxeye (Borrichia frutescens) N / 613
- Vanillaleaf (Carphephorus odoratissimus) N / 614
- Woolly Sunbonnets (Pineland Daisy) (Chaptalia tomentosa) N /
615
- Yellow Thistle (Cirsium horridulum) N / 619
- Blue Mistflower (Conoclinium coelestinum) N / 619
- Dwarf Canadian Horseweed (Conyza canadensis pusilla) N / 620
- Leavenworth's Tickseed (Coreopsis leavenworthii) N / 621 / endemic
to FL
- False Daisy (Eclipta prostrata) N / 623
- Tall Elephantsfoot (Elephantopus elatus) N / 623
- Florida Tasselflower (Emilia fosbergii) E / 624
- American Burnweed (Fireweed) (Erechtites hieracifolia) N / 624
- Oakleaf Fleabane (Erigeron quercifolius) N / 624
- Early Whitetop Fleabane (Erigeron vernus) N / 625
- Dogfennel (Eupatorium capillifolium) N / 626
- Yankeeweed (Eupatorium compositifolium) N / 626
- Justiceweed (Eupatorium leucolepis) N 626
- Semaphore Thoroughwort (Eupatorium mikanioides) N / 626 / endemic
to FL
- Mohr's Thoroughwort (Eupatorium mohrii) N / 626
- Narrowleaf Yellowtops (Flaveria linearis) N / 628
- Firewheel (Gaillardia pulchella) N / 628
- Narrowleaf Purple Everlasting (Gnaphalium falcatum) N / 629
- Southeastern Sneezeweed (Helenium pinnatifidum) N / 631
- Southeastern Sunflower (Helianthus agrestis) N / 633
- Narrowleaf Sunflower (Swamp Sunflower) (Helianthus angustifolius)
N / 633
- Dune Sunflower (Helianthus debilis) N / 633
- Piedmont Marshelder (Iva microcephala) N / 636
- Garber's Gayfeather (Liatris garberi) N / 638 / endemic to FL
- Gayfeather Slender (Liatris gracilis) N / 638
- Shortleaf Gayfeather (Liatris tenuifolia quadriflora) N / 639
/ endemic tp FL
- Rose-rush (Lygodesmia aphylla) N / 639
- Snow Squarestem (Melanthera nivea) N / 640 / E-FDA
- Climbing Hempvine (Mikania scandens) N / 640
- Narrowleaf Silkgrass (Pityopsis graminifolia) N / 642
- Stinking Camphorweed (Pluchea foetida) N / 643
- Sweetscent (Pluchea odorata) N / 643
- Rosy Camphorweed (Pluchea rosea) N / 643
- Blackroot (Pterocaulon pycnostachyum) N / 644
- Blackeyed Susan (Rudbeckia hirta) N / 645
- Butterweed (Senecio glabellus) N / 647
- Pinebarren Goldenrod (Solidago fistulosa) N / 649
- Chapman's Goldenrod (Solidago odora chapmanii) N / 649
- Wand Goldenrod (Solidago stricta) N / 650
- Florida Ironweed (Vernonia blodgettii) N / 653
.
APPENDIX I: Roger Hammer's
Introduction Letter
This list is based upon the work of numerous botanists who have conducted
botanical work at Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary. Of the parade of field botanists
visiting Corkscrew Swamp over the years, two of the prolific contributors
to this list are Walter S. Judd, Professor of Botany, University of Florida,
and the late George N. Avery, botanists, (1922-1983). Much information has
also been compiled by the staff of National Audubon Society working at Corkscrew
Swamp. Over the years, my interests have principally been the Orchidaceae,
Bromeliaceae, and Pteridophyta of southern Florida. Personal
field notes have been compiled on Corkscrew Swamp since my first visit in
1974.
Much work remains to be done on this checklist, particularly in the area
of voucher specimens and documentation of plant species. Some groups of
native plants are in great need of modern biosystematic study, and many
taxonomic nomenclature changes are expected in the upcoming Flora of
Florida, being spearheaded by the Fairchild Tropical Garden in Miami,
Florida. The treatment here essentially follows that of George N. Avery
and Lloyd L. Loope in Plants of Everglades National Park: a Preliminary
Checklist of Vascular Plants (January 1980), and that of David W. Black
and Sally Black in Plants of Big Cypress National Preserve: A Preliminary
Checklist of Vascular Plants (April 1980). Occasionally, however, reference
was made to Richard Wunderlin's Guide to the Vascular Plants of Central
Florida (1982).
This list only includes plant taxa that is naturally occurring within
the boundaries of Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary in Collier and Lee County, Florida.
Naturalized exotic species are indicated by the letter "X", but
due to the difficulty in determining which species are non-native, that
is those species that arrived in this country abetted by man, only those
species that are almost certainly exotic are so designated.
The objective of this emended list is to provide an up-to-date flora
for Corkscrew Swamp, and to provide a base for present and future botanists
and plant taxonomists with which to work. This plant list has been compiled
from personal field notes and from unpublished reports and checklists provided
by experts familiar with the flora of Florida. It must be understood, however,
that experts in the field of plant taxonomy often disagree on the proper
name for a particular taxon, and that the continuing process of name changing
reflects an increase in our knowledge about plants and their relationships.
Traditional floras and checklists contain a hierarchy of plants arranged
phylogenetically according to family. This checklist lists the plants alphabetically
according to family and contains generic, specific, and, where recognized,
subspecific and varietal name. For convenience, ferns and fern allies are
all listed under Pteridophyta, without regard for fern families.
The full botanical name, as specified by the International Code of Botanical
Nomenclature, has not been utilized, i.e. bald cypress, Taxodium
distichum, is not listed as Taxodium distichum (L.) Richard.
The decision not to use the full botanical name was made in deference to
a targeted user group who usually do not have a need for the etymology.
In addition, synonyms are included for a number of species to help avoid
taxonomic confusion. Common names used in the checklist are those most often
found in the reviewed literature.
It is my hope that future field biologists working within Corkscrew Swamp
Sanctuary will continually update this checklist by making additions, deletions,
or corrections as necessary, and by documenting plant species (with the
exception of very rare taxa) with herbarium material.
Roger L. Hammer
February, 1989