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Words by
Geoff LeBaron
Director, Christmas Bird Count
Updated January 05, 2024
Published December 05, 2023
The 123rd Christmas Bird Count started off with an unusual and fascinating twist. While doing my area on the Northampton, Massachusetts CBC with my field partner Mary Lou, even as we got out of our cars at the parking lot, we could hear a major crow ruckus—American Crows, first bird of the day—somewhere nearby. It seemed a bit more intense than the usual crow family conversations, but it was somewhat distant, and we figured it would stop shortly. It did not. As we began our route, the cawing got louder and even more intense, and shortly we could see six crows across a field gathered around a white pine at the edge of the forest.
The crows were repeatedly diving at a broken off vertical pine branch, a snag, and we realized there might be an owl, perhaps a screech-owl or saw-whet, in a hole on the other side of the dead stump. Try as we might, we couldn’t find the cavity. But after a couple of minutes, much to our surprise, the snag turned its head around and revealed to us it was a nearly perfectly camouflaged Great Horned Owl, hiding in plain sight. We weren’t looking at a dead snag, we were looking at a very much alive owl’s back, and it wasn’t until the bird turned to glare at the mobbing crows (and us?) that we realized our silly mistake.
In a lifetime of birding, there have been thousands of times I have mistaken a dead snag (or a clump, plastic bottle, or bag in a field or marsh) as an owl or other bird of prey. But I had never before mistaken a bird for a snag!
In the final tallies, the 123rd Christmas Bird Count participation seems to have recovered from the shadow of Covid. Included are near-record numbers of both completed circles and numbers of observers. In the 123rd Count, the 2625 counts (476 in Canada, 1998 in the United States, and 151 in Latin America, the Caribbean, and Pacific Islands) is only second to the 2646 counts included in the 120th CBC—the season before Covid-19 curtailed so much of our lives. This season’s number of counts just bested last season’s 2621 counts. Every CBC season there are new circles set up in new areas across the hemisphere, and for the 123rd Count Table 1 lists the 31 new circles (2 in Canada, 26 in the United States, and 3 in Latin America) contributing to this year’s global effort. Many thanks, and welcome aboard all!
The number of participants in the 123rd CBC, 79,005 (67,203 field observers and 11,802 feeder watchers), was the third highest ever, lower than the record high 81,601 in the incredible 120th Count, and also lower than last season’s 76,880. The complete breakdown in participation included 14,279 observers in Canada (10,463 field observers and 3816 feeder watchers), 61,560 observers in the United States (53,722 field observers and 7838 feeder watchers), and 3166 folks (3018 field observers and 148 feeder watchers) in the Caribbean, Latin America, and Pacific Islands. As is clear from these numbers, there are tremendous numbers of birders involved with the CBC, and the hard-working compilers of the more than 2600 circles do an amazing job of shepherding all their interested folks into the meaningful effort that the CBC results produce. Some counts in relatively remote locations have very few participants; others in areas where there is a larger bird-friendly population and birding community can have a seemingly overwhelming interest. Table 2 displays the list of 89 Christmas Bird Counts with 100 or more participants in the 123rd CBC.
The end results of each Christmas Bird Count season are often significantly impacted by the weather. These effects include the conditions during the December 14-January 5 count period, but also (and notably) the fall and summer seasons prior to the given count. Weather conditions on count days definitely impact the number of birders attending counts, the behavior of birds in the areas, and the ability of the birders to find and identify birds. Challenging weather equals challenging birding, which can result in lower species totals and numbers of birds tallied. Local, regional, and even continental environmental conditions can affect both the numbers and species composition of birds in most CBC count circles. The pre-count seasonal conditions resulting in food availability in the northern tier of regions continentally, both for mammalian and seed crops, will affect where boreal raptors and “winter finches” are found during the CBC period. Prior to and during the 123rd Christmas Bird Count, environmental conditions were remarkably “normal” for recent decades and even the long-term droughts in the Southwest and Texas showed signs of abating. There was one major exception: Hurricane Ian, which slammed into the coast of southwestern Florida in September of 2022. Ian came ashore in the Category 4-5 range, with winds of 160+ mph, and was the costliest storm in Florida history. It caused catastrophic damage both environmentally and to human infrastructure and resulted in the loss of hundreds of human lives. It will take years, if not decades, to evaluate the environmental costs and rebuild life following such a storm. Yet nearly every CBC in that area was conducted during the 123rd CBC. Even on Sanibel and Captiva Islands, where the bridges had been destroyed by the hurricane, volunteers held their Christmas Bird Count in the hopes of beginning the immediate documentation of the effects on wildlife as well as the human population of the area.
We should all give a huge voice of thanks to every compiler and participant who undertakes such counts—and those who have undertaken similar efforts in the past after other environmental disasters. THANK YOU SO MUCH!
With all the kerfuffle about counting species, where did we come out in the 123rd Christmas Bird Count? From all counts in every region, the total number species tallied in the 123rd CBC was 2244, plus 432 hybrids and identifiable forms. This overall total is slightly lower than in the past couple of years, but unfortunately this season there were no counts from Cuba or Honduras, and fewer counts in Colombia and Brazil due to Covid issues and other challenges. Each additional count in the incredibly diverse neotropics can add a significant number of species to the overall total, and that may be why the number of species dropped in the 123rd Count. Included in that overall total, United States Christmas Bird Counts reported 671 species, 70 infraspecific forms, and 35 exotic species. The Southern Lapwing at Oscoda, Michigan, and the Wood Sandpiper at San Jacinto Lake, California, were new species to the cumulative North American CBC database. Additionally, Burrowing Parakeet at San Diego, California, an exotic introduced species, was new. And it should be noted that the first-ever CBC Social Flycatcher from last season returned to Brownsville, Texas in the 123rd CBC. In Canada, counts reported 279 species, a decrease of 13 species compared to last season, which was exceptionally diverse.
Overall, there are both good news and troubling news trends to report. In Hawaii, the numbers of seabirds tallied at Midway and on the Hawaiian Islands was amazing; check out the incredible numbers of albatrosses, including three critically endangered Short-tailed Albatross, at Midway Island. And there was a record number of the astoundingly beautiful White Terns in Honolulu. Elsewhere, and essentially continentally, Northern Bobwhite and Loggerhead Shrike continue to decline, as well as Groove-billed Anis in the south-central regions. In general, this 123rd CBC season, there were no “irruptions” of boreal raptors, winter finches, or winter frugivores, although Bohemian Waxwings and Pine Grosbeaks did move into some regions south of their “normal” habitats.
In the big picture, on CBCs and at other times of year, keep your eyes peeled for Common Ravens and—yes—Limpkins! Ravens are moving southward and increasing their stronghold on the central and southern regions of North America, likely in response to the current lack of persecution and (especially) the proliferation of cell phone towers, which provide perfect nesting habitat for ravens. Limpkins, on the other hand, are exploding northward from the deep Southeastern United States, likely in response to both a warming winter climate and the rapid expansion of introduced tropical apple snails, which the birds have quickly taken a liking to. Additionally, this adaptation seems to have enabled Limpkins to eat other marine invertebrates, further enabling their northward expansion.
Nowhere near a new species for the Christmas Bird Count, but nonetheless one of the most amazing records during the 123rd CBC season, was the White-crowned Pigeon at Wilmington, North Carolina. A nearly non-migratory bird of the deep Caribbean, and normally only found in the Florida Keys on North American CBCs, this bird was an amazing shock, and a first state record, in North Carolina.
Then we have Pink-footed Geese. Back in the days of the movie The Big Year 15 years ago, this species was one of those “holy grail” birds that birders would traverse the continent for at the drop of a hat. During the 123rd season this species was tallied on seven counts on the East Coast from Newfoundland to Delaware, and inland to Kentucky. As with many of the Arctic-breeding geese, including Barnacle, Ross’s, Greater White-fronted, and especially Snow geese, their numbers are rapidly increasing with the warming summer temperatures in the tundra, often to the detriment of other Arctic-breeding shorebirds and land birds. It will be very interesting to see how this plays out in the coming decades.
No matter where we are, we hope that we’ll find the most, and most interesting, birds during our CBC outings. Counts in the more southern and coastal regions have the best possibility of tallying higher species totals, and one benchmark for Christmas Bird Counts is finding 150 species or more. Table 3 lists the 129 counts during the 123rd Christmas Bird Count that tallied this number or higher during their Count Days.
Independent from where we stand overall, each season all of us hope we’ll be able to find the most species on a Christmas Bird Count in our count area, for the day, on our overall count, or possibly most importantly, in our CBC region. This rank, more than many, can reflect both the effort expended and the conditions encountered during our census days. No matter how things go each season, we always do our best to count every bird—and species—during our day in the field, and hope it pushes us toward the high tally! Table 4 is the list of High Species Counts by region in the 123rd CBC.
Okay, so that’s all about species tallies. What about the number of birds seen? Many birders who’ve been in the field for years or decades commiserate about how “there aren’t as many birds around as there used to be.” It’s a gut feeling that many of us have on CBCs and in general, but is it true? Are there really fewer birds out there, or are we getting older and less able to find or hear every bird out there? The harsh reality seems to be that there are far fewer birds in the Western Hemisphere than there were 50 years ago. This recent paper documented around three billion birds (3BB) fewer in recent decades than before. But how is this reflected in Christmas Bird Count data?
Here are some harsh statistics: During the 123rd Christmas Bird Count, all CBCs everywhere, from the Arctic to South America, tallied 40,298,635 birds in all. This includes 36,680,012 birds in the United States, 3,216,551 in Canada, and 402,072 in Latin America, the Caribbean, and Pacific Islands. Despite a nearly record amount of effort and geographic coverage, this is the lowest total number of birds tallied since my tenure in charge of the Christmas Bird Count. During the 73rd CBC (the first with counts outside US and Canada including counts in Puerto Rico, Belize, and Mexico), there were 20,373 observers on 1031 counts, tallying 71,183,807 birds. That is close to twice as many birds, counted by far fewer people in many fewer counts, as tallied this past season.
In the 88th Christmas Bird Count, my first season in charge of the Count, 41,920 observers on 1531 counts tallied 193,356,225 birds. That number of birds included the incredible tallies at Pine Prairie, Louisiana, with 103,697,871 birds there alone, including over 53 million Red-winged Blackbirds. It’s true that these huge “blackbird” roosts can overwhelm the total number of birds seen elsewhere, but it’s particularly notable that since those seasons the blackbird roosts, and those of some other species, have been completely missing from CBC results. Have they just been outside CBC circles and missed? Possibly, but certainly not likely for nearly 40 years.
The Audubon Science team is documenting which species on Christmas Bird Counts seem to have declined the most. Preliminary analyses of Christmas Bird Count data seem to point to the decline of “blackbirds” and other similarly, and formerly, abundant species on the North American landscape as the primary contributors to this troubling decline in CBC numbers despite increased effort and geographic coverage.
Another event, this one global affecting bird populations, is the current avian epidemic of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI), or “bird flu.” Thus far the current iteration of bird flu in wild birds has mostly, and drastically, affected seabirds and waterfowl in the northern regions of Europe and the Arctic, although North American breeding colonies of Northern Gannets were severely hit this past summer. As of this writing there are 8187 documented deaths of wild birds in North America, the vast majority being waterfowl ranging in size from Trumpeter Swan to Bufflehead. However, there are surprising numbers of other species, including American White Pelican, Bald Eagle, Red-tailed Hawk, Black Vulture, Turkey Vulture, California Condor, Caspian Tern, Great Horned Owl, and American Crow documented with the HPAI bird flu in North America.
So far there haven’t seemed to be any effects on Christmas Bird Count results, but this is an event that bears watching for the next several CBC seasons. We may well see a drop in the numbers of Northern Gannets seen along the East Coast this season during the upcoming 124th Christmas Bird Count, and the CBC will be one tool that researchers will have to document the effects of HPAI bird flu on North American bird populations.
Tables
Table 1. New counts in the 123rd (2022-2023) Christmas Bird Count
Count Code Count Name
CANADA
ONGO Goderich
QCAR Argenteuil
UNITED STATES
CAAC Angels Camp
CAWD Woodland-Davis
CORC Rifle Creek
FLDI Dinner Island Ranch-East Okaloacoochee Slough
FLTV The Villages-Lake Panasofkee
GATH Thomaston
IAID Ida County
IAMS Marshall County
KYWI Willisburg
MNLK Lakeville-Farmington
MNOR Ortonville
MNWE West Hennepin
MTQU Quigley
NYND Northern Dutchess County
OHRC Raccoon Creek
PABI Belleville
PASY Southeastern York County
SCEI Edisto Island
SCJI James Island
SCLB Lewis Ocean Bay H.P.-Waccamaw River
TXFT Fort Bend
TXSE San Antonio East
TXTS Tascosa-Seyffert
TXWL Whitney Lake
WINB Northern Brule River
WYGH Goshen Hole
LATIN AMERICA
BLMF Maya Forest Corridor, Belize District, Belize
MXSL Sierra de la Laguna, Baja California Sur, México
NIBR Bosawás Biosphere Reserve, RACCN, Nicaragua
(31 new counts)
Table 2. Counts with 100 or more participants in the 123rd (2022-2023) CBC
Code Count Name # Observers (Field + Feeder)
ABED Edmonton, AB 426 (187 + 239)
SCHH Hilton Head Island, SC 379 (280 + 99)
ORPD Portland, OR 368 (270 + 98)
BCVI Victoria, BC 357 (306 + 51)
CAOA Oakland, CA 323 (288 + 35)
WASE Seattle, WA 319 (230 + 89)
MACO Concord, MA 294 (167 + 127)
MANO Northampton, MA 293 (235 + 58)
ABCA Calgary, AB 259 (115 + 144)
OREU Eugene, OR 255 (153 + 102)
NJLH Lower Hudson, NJ-NY 243 (243 + 0)
DCDC Washington, DC 240 (237 + 3)
UTKA Kanab, UT 238 (138 + 100)
WIMA Madison, WI 222 (196 + 26)
CASB Santa Barbara, CA 194 (190 + 4)
MDSE Seneca, MD 191 (171 + 20)
VAFB Fort Belvoir, VA 189 (177 + 12)
PAPI Pittsburgh, PA 185 (149 + 36)
ONOH Ottawa-Gatineau, ON 181 (153 + 28)
CAPR Point Reyes Peninsula, CA 180 (180 + 0)
WAED Edmonds, WA 180 (111 + 69)
SCSC Sun City-Okatie, SC 173 (155 + 18)
NYIT Ithaca, NY 171 (161 + 10)
WAEV Everett-Marysville, WA 171 (95 + 76)
COBO Boulder, CO 168 (164 + 4)
FLSR Sarasota, FL 164 (160 + 4)
BCGS Galiano-North Saltspring, BC 161 (121 + 40)
ONKG Kingston, ON 161 (62 + 99)
BCVA Vancouver, BC 160 (151 + 9)
VACL Central Loudon, VA 160 (155 + 5)
CAPA Palo Alto, CA 159 (155 + 4)
AKAN Anchorage, AK 154 (106 + 48)
COCS Colorado Springs, CO 152 (138 + 14)
ONLO London, ON 152 (125 + 27)
QCQU Quebec, QC 152 (139 + 13)
AKFA Fairbanks, AK 149 (93 + 56)
CAOC Orange County (coastal), CA 148 (148 + 0)
UTSL Salt Lake City, UT 148 (132 + 16)
CODV Denver (urban) CO 147 (135 + 12)
ECNM Mindo-Tandayapa, Ecuador 144 (92 + 52)
CASD San Diego, CA 140 (140 + 0)
OHCF Cuyahoga Falls, OH 138 (127 + 11)
RIBI Block Island, RI 138 (138 + 0)
FLGA Gainesville, FL 135 (123 + 12)
WASD Sequim-Dungeness, WA 133 (106 + 27)
ONTO Toronto, ON 132 (120 + 12)
WIMI Milwaukee, WI 131 (106 + 25)
COEI Evergreen-Idaho Springs, CO 130 (77 + 53)
CARI Richmond, CA 129 (123 + 6)
CAON Orange County (northeastern), CA 128 (128 + 0)
ECCH Chiles-Chical, Carchi, Ecuador-Colombia 128 (107 + 21)
MAGB Greater Boston, MA 127 (127 + 0)
MIAA Ann Arbor, MI 127 (100 + 27)
MITW Tawas, MI 127 (124 + 3)
NYBR L.I.: Brooklyn, NY 127 (124 + 3)
SCLO Lowcountry, SC 126 (90 + 36)
CASF San Francisco, CA 125 (122 + 3)
AZTV Tucson Valley, AZ 124 (114 + 10)
CAMR Morro Bay, CA 124 (123 + 1)
BCSS Sidney-South Saltspring, BC 121 (100 + 21)
CODE Denver, CO 121 (111 + 10)
BCPI Pender Islands, BC 119 (102 + 17)
COFC Fort Collins, CO 119 (106 + 13)
NSHD Halifax-Dartmouth, NS 119 (96 + 23)
MBWI Winnipeg, MB 118 (87 + 31)
VAWI Williamsburg, VA 116 (59 + 57)
BCPM Pitt Meadows, BC 114 (104 + 10)
CTHA Hartford, CT 114 (109 + 5)
ONHA Hamilton, ON 112 (106 + 6)
NYBW Bronx-Westchester Region, NY 111 (107 + 4)
CARS Rancho Santa Fe, CA 110 (105 + 5)
CAWS Western Sonoma County, CA 110 (105 + 5)
CACS Crystal Springs, CA 109 (105 + 4)
CASC Sant Cruz County, CA 109 (109 + 0)
CAVE Ventura, CA 109 (103 + 6)
TNNA Nashville, TN 108 (54 + 54)
CRLS La Selva, Lower Braulio Carillo N.P.,
Costa Rica 107 (107 + 0)
PAGL Delaware County (Glenolden), PA 107 (96 + 11)
WAOL Olympia, WA 107 (89 + 18)
WIRE Newburg--Riveredge Nature Center, WI 107 (51 + 56)
FLVE Venice-Englewood, FL 106 (104 + 2)
ORSA Salem, OR 106 (63 + 43)
BCPQ Parksville-Qualicum Beach, BC 104 (60 + 44)
WAVA Vashon, WA 104 (71 + 33)
CAOV Oceanside-Vista-Carlsbad, CA 103 (102 + 1)
TXMM Matagorda County-Mad Island Marsh, TX 103 (101 + 2)
CAMC Marin County (southern), CA 102 (100 + 2)
MNSP St. Paul (north), MN 102 (81 + 21)
MTMI Missoula, MT 101 (78 + 23)
(89 counts with 100 or more participants)
Table 3: Counts with 150 or more species recorded in the 123rd (2022-2023) CBC
Table 3a: Counts north of the United States-Mexican border
Count Code Rank Count Name Species Recorded
TXMM 1 Matagorda County-Mad Island Marsh, TX 218
CASD 2 San Diego, CA 213
TXGF 3 Guadalupe River Delta-McFadden Ranch, TX 202
CAPR 4 Point Reyes Peninsula, CA 201
CAMR 5 Morro Bay, CA 200
CASB 6 Santa Barbara, CA 196
CAMD 7 Moss Landing, CA 195
CATO 8 Thousand Oaks, CA 194
TXJC 8 Jackson-Calhoun Counties, TX 194
CAOC 10 Orange County (coastal), CA 192
CAVE 10 Ventura, CA 192
TXCC 12 Corpus Christi, TX 190
CACS 13 Crystal Springs, CA 189
CAOV 14 Oceanside-Vista-Carlsbad, CA 185
TXFR 14 Freeport, TX 185
CAOA 16 Oakland, CA 184
CARS 17 Rancho Santa Fe, CA 181
SCMC 17 McClellanville, SC 181
CAHF 19 Hayward-Fremont, CA 180
TXSB 19 San Bernard N.W.R., TX 180
CACB 21 Centerville Beach to King Salmon, CA 179
CALB 21 Long Beach-el Dorado, CA 179
CAAR 23 Arcata, CA 178
CASF 23 San Francisco, CA 178
CALA 25 Los Angeles, CA 176
CAPP 26 Palos Verdes Peninsula, CA 175
FLGA 27 Gainesville, FL 174
CASJ 28 San Jose, CA 172
AZNO 29 Nogales, AZ 171
TXGA 29 Galveston, TX 171
CAPS 31 Pasadena-San Gabriel Valley, CA 170
CARI 31 Richmond, CA 170
CASC 31 Santa Cruz County, CA 170
CAPA 34 Palo Alto, CA 169
CAWS 35 Western Sonoma County, CA 168
GASV 36 Savannah, GA-SC 165
CABE 37 Benicia, CA 163
CACT 38 Cheep Thrills, CA 162
CAMC 38 Marin County (southern), CA 162
FLAL 38 Alafia Banks, FL 162
FLNP 38 North Pinellas, FL 162
SCLP 38 Litchfield-Pawleys Island, SC 162
SCSI 38 Sea Islands, SC 162
AZGV 44 Green Valley-Madera Canyon, AZ 161
CACN 44 Carpinteria, CA 161
TXLA 44 Laguna Atascosa N.W.R., TX 161
CACC 47 Contra Costa County, CA 160
FLSR 47 Sarasota, FL 160
LAPI 47 Palmetto Island, LA 160
TXWG 47 West End Galveston Island, TX 160
FLBA 51 Bradenton, FL 158
FLNR 51 West Pasco (New Port Richey), FL 158
FLSM 51 St. Marks, FL 158
CAES 54 Escondido, CA 157
TXBP 54 Bolivar Peninsula, TX 157
TXBR 54 Brazoria-Columbia Bottomlands, TX 157
AZRC 57 Ramsey Canyon, AZ 156
CADN 57 Del Norte County, CA 156
FLSB 57 South Brevard County, FL 156
FLSP 57 St. Petersburg, FL 156
NCWI 57 Wilmington, NC 156
CAON 62 Orange County (northeastern), CA 155
CASM 62 Sacramento, CA 155
FLJA 62 Jacksonville, FL 155
SCWB 62 Winyah Bay, SC 155
TXCF 62 Corpus Christi (Flour Bluff), TX 155
CAMP 67 Monterey Peninsula, CA 154
CAMU 67 Malibu, CA 154
CASL 67 San Jacinto Lake, CA 154
TXPO 67 Powderhorn, TX 154
AZTV 71 Tucson Valley, AZ 153
FLWP 71 West Palm Beach, FL 153
MDOC 71 Ocean City, MD 153
NJCM 71 Cape May, NJ 153
TXCK 71 Choke Canyon, TX 153
TXHG 71 Harlingen, TX 153
TXAP 77 Attwater Prairie Chicken N.W.R., TX 152
TXAZ 77 Anzalduas-Bentsen, TX 152
CASZ 79 Sonoma Valley, CA 151
GAGC 79 Glynn County, GA 151
NCSB 79 Southport-Bald Head-Oak Islands, NC 151
TXWS 79 Weslaco, TX 151
TXPA 83 Port Aransas, TX 150
Table 3b: Counts south of the United States-Mexican border
ECNM 1 Mindo-Tandayapa, Pichincha, Ecuador 354
CRLS 2 La Selva, Lower Braulio Carillo N.P.,
Costa Rica 349
CRMO 3 Monteverde, Costa Rica 338
CRCT 4 Coto Brus, Puntarenas, Costa Rica 296
MXSB 5 San Blas, Nayarit, México 285
ECCH 6 Chiles-Chical, Carchi, Ecuador 275
RPPC 7 Pacific Canal Area, Panama 267
BLSL 8 Spanish Lookout, Cayo, Belize 264
GMLT 9 Laguna del Tigre N.P.-Las Guacamayas
Biological Station, Petén, Guatemala 256
ECMA 10 Machalilla-Ayampe, Manabí, Ecuador 239
CROP 11 Osa Peninsula, Puntarenas, Costa Rica 237
RPCC 12 Central Canal Area, Panama 231
BLMF 13 Maya Forest Corridor, Belize District, Belize 230
CRCA 14 Cacao-Area de Conservacion Guancaste,
Costa Rica 226
BLCO 15 Corozal, Sarteneja, Belize 225
BLCB 16 Cockscomb Basin, Belize 219
BLBE 17 Belmopan, Belize 215
ECBM 18 Los Bancos-Milpe, Pichincha, Ecuador 206
BLBC 19 Belize City, Belize 204
CRPV 20 Palo Verde N.P., Guanacaste, Costa Rica 196
ECHL 21 Humedal La Segua, Chone, Manabi, Ecuador 195
BLPG 22 Punta Gorda, Belize 191
TRTR 23 Trinidad, W.I. 190
CRSR 24 Santa Rosa – Area de Conservacion Guanacaste,
Costa Rica 184
MXES 24 Ensenada, Baja California, México 184
CLBB 26 Rio Barbas-Bremen Natural Reserve,
Quindío, Colombia 180
RPAC 26 Atlantic Canal Area, Panama 180
CLRP 28 Reserva de Planalto, Caldas, Colombia 178
NIPI 29 Paso del Itsmo Biological Corridor,
Rivas, Nicaragua 175
MXSP 30 San Pancho-La Cruz-Punta de Mita,
Nayarit, Mexico 172
ECCC 31 Cumandá, Chimborazo, Ecuador 169
CLCO 32 Cordillera Occidental, Valle del Cauca,
Colombia 168
MXCZ 33 Coast of Central Veracruz, Mexico 166
MXEG 34 El Yugo, Sinaloa, Mexico 162
NIRJ 35 Reserva El Jaguar, Jinotega, Nicaragua 158
CLFC 36 Farallones de Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia 156
MXLN 36 Laguna de Chapala, Jalisco, Mexico 156
ECRA 38 Rancho Aleman, Guayas, Ecuador 155
MXMN 38 Morelos Norte, Morelos, México 155
ECRG 40 Runahurco-Gualaquiza, Morona Santiago,
Ecuador 152
MXEC 41 El Cuyo, Yucatan, Mexico 151
MXOJ 41 Oaxaca de Juarez, Oaxaca, Mexico 151
MXAL 43 Alamos, Sonora, Mexico 150
Table 4: Regional high counts for the 123rd (2022-2023) CBC
Region # of CBCs Highest Count (species total)
Newfoundland & Labrador 10 St. Johns (69)
Nova Scotia 32 Halifax-Dartmouth (115)
Prince Edward Island 3 Hillsborough (56)
New Brunswick 48 St. John (72)
Quebec 38 Quebec (77)
Ontario 123 Blenheim (113)
Manitoba 20 Winnipeg (44)
Saskatchewan 41 Gardner Dam (38)
Saskatoon (38)
Alberta 55 Calgary (65)
British Columbia 91 Victoria (137)
Northwest Territories 4 Hay River (17)
Nunavut 2 Arctic Bay (2)
Yukon Territory 9 Whitehorse (28)
Alaska 38 Kodiak (79)
Maine 32 Greater Portland (106)
New Hampshire 18 Coastal New Hampshire (104)
Vermont 21 Burlington (82)
Massachusetts 32 Mid-Cape Cod (148)
Rhode Island 4 Newport County-Westport (135)
Connecticut 18 Stratford-Milford (124)
New York 76 L.I.: Southern Nassau County (134)
New Jersey 29 Cape May (153)
Pennsylvania 83 Southern Bucks County (100)
Delaware 7 Cape Henlopen-Prime Hook (142)
Maryland 25 Ocean City (153)
District of Columbia 1 Washington (99)
Virginia 52 Cape Charles (148)
North Carolina 54 Wilmington (156)
South Carolina 29 McClellanville (181)
Georgia 28 Savannah, GA-SC (165)
Florida 83 Gainesville (174)
Ohio 69 Mansfield (93)
West Virginia 22 Morgantown (90)
Kentucky 40 East Allen County (96)
Tennessee 29 Duck River (126)
Alabama 13 Gulf Shores (137)
Mississippi 17 Southern Hancock County (141)
Michigan 71 Anchor Bay (88)
Indiana 44 Western Gibson County (104)
Wisconsin 108 Madison (98)
Illinois 69 Rend Lake (103)
Minnesota 83 St. Paul (north) (61)
Iowa 35 Keokuk (99)
Missouri 31 (Horton) Four Rivers (110)
Arkansas 28 Lake Dardanelle (113)
Louisiana 26 Palmetto Island (160)
North Dakota 16 Fargo-Moorhead (63)
South Dakota 16 Yankton (79)
Nebraska 14 Lake McConaughy (79)
Kansas 28 Lawrence (96)
Oklahoma 16 Tishomingo N.W.R. (122)
Texas 116 Matagorda County-Mad Island Marsh (218)
Montana 31 Big Fork (83)
Idaho 28 Nampa (106)
Wyoming 19 Casper (63)
Kane (63)
Colorado 51 Pueblo Reservoir (128)
New Mexico 31 Caballo (127)
Utah 26 Salt Lake City (118)
Nevada 16 Truckee Meadows (119)
Arizona 40 Nogales (171)
Washington 45 Sequim-Dungeness (143)
Oregon 46 Coquille Valley (148)
California 130 San Diego (213)
Hawaii 14 O’ahu: Waipi’o (52)
Pacific Islands 2 Saipan, C.N.M.I. (36)
Guam 2 Southern Guam (29)
Mexico 55 San Blas, Nayarit (285)
Belize 7 Spanish Lookout, Cayo (264)
Guatemala 4 Laguna del Tigre N.P. (256)
El Salvador 1 Suchitoto, Cuscatlán (143)
Nicaragua 4 Paso del Itsmo Biological Corridor, Rivas (175)
Costa Rica 8 La Selva, Lower Braulio Carillo N.P. (349)
Panama 5 Pacific Canal Area (267)
Colombia 26 Rio Barbas-Bremen Natural Reserve, Quindío (180)
Ecuador 14 Mindo-Tandayapa, Pichincha (354)
Brazil 2 Manaus-Camp 41, Amazonas (54)
Trinidad 1 Trinidad (190)
Tobago 2 Scarborough Botanics, Western Tobago (81)
Bahamas 5 New Providence Island (102)
Dominican Republic 2 Parque Nacional El Morro, Monte Cristi (90)
Puerto Rico 5 Cabo Rojo (132)
British Virgin Islands 2 Tortola (48)
U.S. Virgin Islands 3 St. John (59)
Bermuda 1 Bermuda (90)