Papamoscas Amarillo Norteño
Papamoscas Amarillo Norteño
Empidonax difficilis
A simple vista
The well-named Western Flycatcher is indeed very widespread in the West. Its summer range extends from the Pacific Coast to the Rocky Mountains, and from southeastern Alaska to southern Mexico. It favors deep shade of humid woods, often in the groves along streams, and it often places its beautiful mossy nest under a bridge or under the eaves of a cabin in the woods. For several years, the Western Flycatcher was divided into two species: Cordilleran Flycatcher, nesting in mountains in the interior, and Pacific-slope Flycatcher, all along the Pacific seaboard. However, these two were almost identical, with only slight differences in voice and genetics, and in 2023 they were combined into one species again.
Todo el texto de la guía de aves y los mapas de distribución fueron adaptados de Lives of North American Birds de Kenn Kaufman© 1996, utilizado con permiso de Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Reservados todos los derechos.
Categoría
Perching Birds, Tyrant Flycatchers
IUCN Status
Least Concern
Hábitat
Arroyos and Canyons, Forests and Woodlands, High Mountains, Shrublands, Savannas, and Thickets
Región
Alaska and The North, California, Northwest, Plains, Rocky Mountains, Southwest, Texas, Western Canada
Comportamiento
Flitter, Hovering
Población
13.000.000
Rango e identificación
Mapa de migración y distribución
During migration, it commonly occurs in the lowlands of much of the West, as birds travel to and from Mexico. Those breeding along the Pacific Coast winter mainly in the lowlands of western and southern Mexico, while those breeding in the Rockies and elsewhere in the interior winter mostly in Mexico’s foothills and mountains.
Descripción
Tamaño
About the size of a Sparrow
Color
Brown, Green, White, Yellow
Forma de alas
Rounded
Forma de cola
Notched, Square-tipped
Cantos y llamadas
Patrón de canto
Flat, Rising
Tipo de canto
Chirp/Chip, High, Whistle
Hábitat
Moist woods, mixed forests, shady canyons. The Western Flycatcher breeds in wet forested regions near the coast or in mountains. Often common in zones of coniferous forest, but there it seems to concentrate in deciduous growth, such as maples and alders, along streams. Also found in canyon groves of oak, sycamore, or willow.
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Comportamiento
Huevos
3-4, rarely 5. Whitish, with brown blotches concentrated near the larger end. Incubation is by female only, about 14-15 days.
Cría
Both parents bring food for nestlings. The age of young at first flight is about 14-18 days.
Comportamiento alimentario
Forages by watching from a perch, at any level within shady parts of the forest, and then flying out to catch insects in the air. Also takes some food (such as caterpillars and spiders) from foliage or twigs while hovering.
Dieta
Mostly insects. The Western Flycatcher feeds on a variety of insects, including small wasps, bees, flies, true bugs, caterpillars, moths, beetles, and others. Also eaten are spiders, a few berries, and seeds.
Nidificación
In the Pacific Northwest, the Western Flycatcher and Hammond's Flycatcher may defend territories against each other. Nest site is sometimes in the fork of a small tree, but usually in other situations: in a cleft of a vertical streambank, on a stump, among the upturned roots of a fallen tree, under a small bridge, or on rafters in a shed. Natural sites are usually near (or on) the ground, but on artificial structures, the nest may be more than 10' up. Nest (built by female) is a cup of moss, grass, rootlets, strips of bark, lichens, and leaves, lined with finer material such as plant fibers, hair, feathers.
Vulnerabilidad
Estado de conservación
The Western Flycatcher may be affected by the cutting of forests in the West; however, it remains widespread and common.
Amenazas climáticas que enfrenta el Papamoscas Amarillo Norteño
Elija un escenario de temperatura a continuación para ver qué amenazas afectarán a esta especie de ave a medida que aumente el calentamiento global. Las mismas amenazas impulsadas por el cambio climático que ponen en riesgo a las aves afectarán también a otras especies de vida silvestre y a las personas.
