Scaling Stream Restoration Across Colorado

Colorado’s streams face mounting pressures from climate change, development, and over a century of historical degradation. While the recent passing of Senate Bill 23-270 (SB23-270) allows six categories of minor stream restoration activities to move forward exempted from water rights administration, practitioners across the state still face challenges when getting projects off the ground. The missing piece? A comprehensive understanding of Colorado’s “restoration landscape” – who’s doing what, where, and what barriers stand in their way. This has prompted an innovative partnership between Audubon Rockies, Water for Colorado, and University of Colorado Boulder (CU) students to map Colorado’s restoration landscape and identify opportunities for scaling impacts for functioning and healthy riverscapes. This work builds on Audubon’s commitment to shaping Colorado’s water future for people, birds, and the habitats that we all depend on.

A Proven Solution is Gaining Ground

Process-Based Restoration (PBR) offers a spectrum of cost-effective approaches for addressing climate and drought resilience for healthy riverscapes while furthering Colorado’s Water Plan objectives. From simple, hand-built structures using natural materials to more sophisticated engineering solutions, these techniques focus on addressing stressors and boosting natural stream processes that allow rivers to heal themselves. The passage of SB-270 created unprecedented opportunities for implementing Low-Tech Process-Based Restoration (LTPBR) across Colorado by providing legal clarity for six categories of minor stream restoration activities.

Despite these advances, critical questions remained unanswered: 

• Which stakeholders are leading restoration efforts, and where? 
• What motivates organizations to pursue stream restoration projects? 
• Most importantly, what barriers prevent or slow down implementation, and how has SB-270 influenced restoration practices on the ground?

CU Masters of the Environment: The Perfect Partner

Enter CU Boulder’s Master’s of the Environment (MENV) program. Each year, MENV students are paired with organizations addressing pressing issues in the fields of environmental policy, renewable energy, and sustainability. The students work as student consultants while simultaneously completing their master’s capstone project. The program’s focus on practical, need-driven solutions makes it an ideal partner for Audubon’s efforts to elevate stream restoration in Colorado.

Three dedicated students—Pearl McLeod, Josie Rivero, and Leah Bilski—have brought fresh perspectives and social science expertise to complement Audubon Rockies’s experience as a leader in policy and project implementation for stream restoration. This collaborative approach ensures that research directly serves the needs of the restoration community while building the next generation of conservation and stream restoration professionals.

By combining Audubon’s on-the-ground experience with the students’ in-depth analysis, the partnership can reach across Colorado’s eight major water basins to engage everyone from NGOs and federal agencies to private consultants and watershed groups.

Mapping Colorado’s Stream Restoration Efforts

The project’s primary objective is ambitious yet essential: create a comprehensive map of LTPBR projects across Colorado to identify gaps in geographic coverage and stakeholder engagement. This foundation will inform where resources and support are most needed to scale effective restoration approaches statewide.

Phase one involved launching a statewide survey to capture the broad restoration work happening across the state, while phase two will focus on in-depth case studies to understand how successful projects overcome barriers. The collaborative approach ensures findings focus on learning from both challenges and successes. 

Early Success: Education Efforts Are Paying Off

Initial results reveal encouraging trends and some surprising insights. Audubon’s educational efforts regarding SB-270 have been largely successful across many regions of Colorado, with 38% of survey respondents reporting that SB-270 has benefited their stream restoration projects, while only 4% report it as a barrier. 

The data shows that hydrology is the primary motivation driving most restoration projects, followed closely by wildfire recovery efforts, reflecting Colorado’s recent fire impacts and ongoing drought concerns. Restoration work is happening across all of Colorado’s major river basins, though with varying intensity, and projects consistently involve multi-partner teams applying diverse techniques to meet multiple goals simultaneously.

However, significant barriers persist, despite SB-270’s passage. Permitting challenges remain the top concern, followed by limited funding and agency coordination issues. These findings suggest that while legal clarity has improved, practitioners still need support navigating implementation processes and securing adequate resources.

The restoration community has demonstrated strong engagement and willingness to participate in research that could benefit their work. Practitioners are actively sharing knowledge and experiences, building a foundation for a deeper understanding of Colorado’s restoration landscape. 

Looking Ahead: Supporting Colorado’s Restoration Community

This research will help address specific needs identified by practitioners, such as connecting isolated restoration workers with peer networks, creating guidance for navigating restoration implementation, and identifying which regions need additional technical support or funding. By identifying non-policy barriers, such as limited technician capacity and technical implementation concerns, that limit restoration work, Audubon and partners support stream restoration stakeholders in better addressing their challenges, shifting social perceptions, and ultimately restoring healthy stream habitat throughout the state. The findings can also inform potential sound policy moving forward, ensuring that future legislation builds on SB-270's success.

Through continued partnership, community engagement and support, and innovative restoration techniques, we’re working to revive Colorado’s streams for generations of birds, wildlife, and people who depend on them.

Join the Effort

We are continuing to capture important data about restoration projects throughout Colorado and challenges faced through our survey. Participation helps build a complete picture of Colorado’s restoration landscape and ensures that findings reflect the full diversity of approaches and challenges across our state. Share your restoration experience through our survey (open until midnight on October 12th, 2025) and help us identify exactly what Colorado’s restoration community needs to succeed.

Take the survey here. For questions, please contact the Audubon Rockies Western Rivers team at nathan.boyer-rechlin@audubon.org.